事件伊斯兰教基督教犹太教古代近东跨传统共享约630s–750s（高潮在拉希敦—倭马亚早期）c. 630s–750s (peak under Rashidun–early Umayyads)
早期阿拉伯—伊斯兰征服Early Arab–Islamic Conquests
7 世纪对拜占庭叙利亚—埃及与萨珊伊拉克—伊朗等地的快速扩张。H 轨：军事、税收与宗教政策复杂；T 轨：为主道开疆与宿命叙事。7th-c. rapid expansion into Byzantine Syria–Egypt and Sasanian Iraq–Iran. H-track: complex military, tax, and religious policy; T-track: expansion in God's path and destiny narratives.