事件基督教犹太教伊斯兰教跨传统共享约公元30或33（受难）；复活宣讲随即兴起Crucifixion c. 30 or 33 CE; resurrection proclamation arises immediately after
受难与复活：叙事与史学问题Passion and Resurrection: Narrative and Historical Questions
钉十字架有较强历史共识；复活为信仰宣讲核心，史学讨论显现传统与空坟墓，无法用实验室方法「证实/证伪」全部认信内容。Crucifixion has strong historical consensus; resurrection is core proclamation—history discusses appearances and empty-tomb traditions without lab-proving confessional claims.