事件伊斯兰教跨传统共享约15–18 世纪（与欧洲改革重叠）c. 15th–18th c. (overlaps European reform)
近世伊斯兰帝国格局（奥斯曼中心视角）Early Modern Islamicate Imperial Order (Ottoman-centered view)
与欧洲改革并行的奥斯曼等帝国秩序：教法、苏非、宫廷与对非穆斯林米勒特管理。Ottoman and related imperial orders parallel to European reform: law, Sufism, court, and millet management of non-Muslims.