事件伊斯兰教约9–13 世纪关键形成期Key formation c. 9th–13th c.
古典苏菲教团化Classical Sufism and Tariqa Formation
从早期禁欲—神秘实践到中古教团（tariqa）制度化。H 轨：Knysh/Lapidus；T 轨：道统与齐克尔。From early ascetic-mystical practice to medieval tariqa institutionalization. H-track: Knysh/Lapidus; T-track: silsila and dhikr.